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Monday 19 November 2012

A short(ish) summary of Israeli/Palestine conflict

The history of the sacred land is one which much intricacy and complexity. A history which is disputed and one which many people have their own views on. However for those that find themselves intrigued with this issue, I have gathered together some research in the hope that I and others could maybe have some light shed on the issue.

Before anything started it's important to note that members of all 3 major religions: Majority Arab Muslims, closely followed by Arab Christians and a small number of Jews resided in Palestine in peace. A little after WW1, the Jewish community in Europe felt themselves under persecution, which is where the idea of ''Zionism'' stemmed from. (Zionism is the ideology of a homeland for the Jewish population). The Zionist movement was originally a secular movement with little link to the Jewish religion, it was only later that links back to Moses were made. Back to the Ottoman empire, shortly after WW1, the Ottoman empire which controlled Palestine collapsed. Therefore all the land owned by the Ottomans was handed over to the league of nations occupation. The league then passed over the land to Britain. At this point, the leader of the Zionist movement 'Weisseman' started to lobby for the state of Palestine to be declared a Jewish homeland. Britain figured this may be a strategic move for them to side with the Jewish people hence the Balfoural declaration was made. The declaration consisted of the land being handed over to the Jews. This is where the now famous quote ''a land without people, for a people without land'' came about. Although we know that there was indigenous people living in the territory at the time.
In 1930s started the influx of Jewish population into Palestine/Israel. By 1935 the population of Jews outweighed the population of indigenous Arabs. This influx 'upset' the people of Palestine. More than 62,000 Jews were emigrating to Palestine, and segregation/discrimination started to take place between communities.
1935 resulted in a 'Palestinian revolt' in which 4500 Palestinians were killed and 6000 imprisoned. This was a heavy defeat for them.
1940s was the period where Zionist terrorism is said to have taken place with public places/bridges being blown up as well as reported attacks on British soldiers and the problem was handed over to the UN by GB.
1947-is the point where Palestinians start flooding to refugee camps etc. At the same time the UN passed a resolution to say that 55% of Palestinian land was to be given to the Jews. Only 37% of the whole population was actually Jewish at this point. The most fertile and usable land was given to them, leaving the indigenous confused.
1948-USA iniciated debate and urged a reversion back to 'palestine'. However in the same year Israel declared it's independance, although accepted by many nations, was not yet recognised by the UN.
1948- Palestinian massacres- settlements begin in their droves with palestinians being driven out, the UN concluded after this that Israeli's must give back the land and compensate the Palestinians. However this call was ignored by Israel.
1956-more massacres...failure of recognition by the outside world.
1965- Resistance organisation formed, whilst cold war took place. The USA needed a middle eastern alliance hence the israel USA alliance.
1967-Egypt, Syria, Jordan went to war with Israel...questions over how this started. The Arabs were defeated and Jordan lost the west bank, egypt-gaza and syria-golan heights.
1968-a tiny piece of land was left called palestine, more refugees flooded back 'home'
More UN resolutions were ignored by Israel to acknowledge refugees, hand back land.
further war 1973.
1982-israeli's bombard lebanese/palestinian refugee camps.
1987- Palestinian people under harsh conditions/checkpoints etc
1987- Israeli military vehicle collison with 4 Palestinians provokes outrage and flares/violent uprisings.
1993- Israel responds- 1000 killed, 11,000 wounded, 100 israeli's also killed.

Which leads us today where, David Cameron himself once called palestine a 'open air prison'. Atrocities have been commited on both sides, and there has been pointless loss of life on both sides. But it is impossible to see how this could be viewed as fair 2 sided battle?....Now I understand why this issue is so complicated and provokes much passion.